WHAT IT IS

Isotretinoin is a powerful prescription oral medication derived from vitamin A used to treat severe, painful nodular or cystic acne that does not respond to other treatments like creams or antibiotics. Formerly known by the brand name Accutane, it is available under names like Claravis, Myorisan, and Absorica. It is the only treatment that targets all four root causes of acne at the same time.

HOW IT WORKS

• Shrinks oil glands: It dramatically reduces the size and activity of the skin's sebaceous glands, cutting down oil (sebum) production.

• Clears pores: It stops dead skin cells from sticking together inside the pores, preventing blackheads and whiteheads.

• Fights bacteria: It lowers the amount of acne-causing bacteria (Cutibacterium acnes) living in the skin.

• Calms swelling: It reduces redness, pain, and deep inflammation tied to severe breakouts.

WHAT TO EXPECT

• Course length: A standard course lasts about 4 to 6 months, and a single course provides long-term or permanent clearance for about 80% to 90% of people.

• Common side effects: Almost everyone experiences very dry skin and lips. Other effects can include dry eyes, sun sensitivity, and temporary muscle aches.

• Strict safety rules: Because it causes severe birth defects, patients in the U.S. must register with a special safety program called iPLEDGE and use strict birth control methods if applicable. Doctors also run routine blood tests to check liver function and fats in the blood.